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Interdisciplinary CompetenceMolecular Diagnostics
Know how in the analysis of genetic material.
For the benefit of patients.

IllnessAtaxia, autosomal dominant [adult]; differential diagnosis

Summary

Short information

A curated panel containing 16 guideline-curated genes as well as altogether 62 genes for the comprehensive analysis of practically all known adult forms of autosomal dominant ataxias; point mutations in 3 guideline-curated genes [CACNA1A, KCNA1, PRKCG] plus repeat expansions in severals SCA genes [predominantly in the guideline-curated genes ATXN1, ATXN2, ATXN3, CACNA1A] cover the most frequent mutations, respectively.

ID
AP0017
Number of genes
44 Accredited laboratory test
Examined sequence length
26,0 kb (Core-/Core-canditate-Genes)
116,0 kb (Extended panel: incl. additional genes)
Analysis Duration
on request
Material
  • EDTA-anticoagulated blood (3-5 ml)
Diagnostic indications
  1. X

 

40 dominant SCAs; most frequent subtypes SCA1 (ATXN1 gene, CAG repeats), SCA2 (ATXN2 gene, CAG repeats), SCA3 (ATXN3 genr, CAG repeats), SCA6 (>half of all SCAs; CACNA1A1 gene, CAG repeats); ~15% of patients with sporadic ataxia inspite of negative family history carry a mutation, mostly SCA6. Further genes to be analyzed depending on symptoms: SCA7 (ATXN7 gene, CAG repeats), SCA17 (TBP gene, CAG repeats), SCA12 (PPP2R2B gene, CAG repeats)...

2. NGS

 

Gene panel

Selected genes

NameExon Length (bp)OMIM-GReferenz-Seq.Heredity
ATN13573NM_001007026.2AD
ATXN12448NM_000332.3AD
ATXN23462NM_002973.4AD
ATXN31086NM_004993.6AD
ATXN72679NM_000333.4AD
CACNA1A6786NM_001127221.2AD
KCNA11488NM_000217.3AD
PPP2R2B1350NM_181678.2AD
PRKCG2094NM_002739.5AD
TBP960NM_003194.5AD
AFG3L22394NM_006796.3AD, AR
ATP1A23063NM_000702.4AD
ATP1A33042NM_152296.5AD
ATXN80AD
CACNA1G6945NM_018896.5AD
CAMTA15022NM_015215.4AD
DNAJC5597NM_025219.3AD
DNMT14899NM_001130823.3AD
ELOVL4945NM_022726.4AD
FGF14744NM_004115.4AD
GFAP1299NM_002055.5AD
ITPR18088NM_002222.7AD, AR
KCNA21500NM_004974.4AD
KCNC32274NM_004977.3AD
KCND31968NM_004980.5AD
MFN22274NM_014874.4AD
POLG3720NM_002693.3AD, AR
PRNP762NM_000311.5AD
PRRT21023NM_145239.3AD
PUM13602NM_001020658.2AD
RNF170777NM_001160223.2AD
SAMD9L4756NM_152703.5AD
SCN8A5943NM_014191.4AD
SLC1A31629NM_004172.5AD
SLC2A11479
  • No OMIM-Gs linked
NM_006516.4AD
SPG72388NM_003119.4AD, AR
SPTBN27173NM_006946.4AR, AD
TMEM240522NM_001114748.2AD
TTBK23735NM_173500.4AD
TUBA1A1356NM_006009.4AD
TUBB2B1338NM_178012.5AD
TUBB31353NM_006086.4AD
TUBB4A1335NM_006087.4AD
TWNK2055NM_021830.5AD, AR

Informations about the disease

Clinical Comment

Group of diseases: Many overlapping signs, difficult to distinguish on clinical grounds with mostly common features (gait ataxia, dysarthria, saccadic pursuit); features in some ataxias (ocular disorders, extrapyramidal, peripheral nerve, intellectual deterioration, seizures, upper motor neuron, tremor)

 

Synonyms
  • Alias: Erbliche Ataxie, Erwachsene
  • Alias: Hereditary ataxia, AD, adult onset
  • Allelic: Alternating hemiplegia of childhood 1 (ATP1A2)
  • Allelic: Alternating hemiplegia of childhood 2 (ATP1A3)
  • Allelic: Brugada syndrome 9 (KCND3)
  • Allelic: Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 13 (PNPT1)
  • Allelic: Congenital hypotonia, epilepsy, developmental delay + digital anomalies (ATN1_CAG)
  • Allelic: Convulsions, familial infantile, with paroxysmal choreoathetosis (PRRT2)
  • Allelic: Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (PRNP)
  • Allelic: Deafness, AR 70, with/-out adult-onset neurodegeneration (PNPT1)
  • Allelic: Epilepsy, idiopathic generalized, susceptibility to, 12 (SLC2A1)
  • Allelic: Epilepsy, juvenile absence, susceptibility to, 2 (CLCN2)
  • Allelic: Epilepsy, juvenile myoclonic, susceptibility to, 8 (CLCN2)
  • Allelic: Epileptic encephalopathy, early infantile, 13 (SCN1A)
  • Allelic: Epileptic encephalopathy, early infantile, 32 (KCNA2)
  • Allelic: Epileptic encephalopathy, early infantile, 42 (CACNA1A)
  • Allelic: Epileptic encephalopathy, early infantile, 6 [Dravet syndrome] (SCN1A)
  • Allelic: Epileptic encephalopathy, early infantile, 7 (KCNQ2)
  • Allelic: Febrile seizures, familial, 3A (SCN1A)
  • Allelic: Fibrosis of extraocular muscles, congenital, 3A (TUBB3)
  • Allelic: GLUT1 deficiency syndrome 1, infantile onset, severe (SLC2A1)
  • Allelic: GLUT1 deficiency syndrome 2, childhood onset (SLC2A1)
  • Allelic: Gerstmann-Straussler disease (PRNP)
  • Allelic: Glaucoma, normal tension, susceptibility to (OPA1)
  • Allelic: Hyperaldosteronism, familial, type II (CLCN2)
  • Allelic: Ichthyosis, spastic quadriplegia + mental retardation (ELOVL4)
  • Allelic: Insomnia, fatal familial (PRNP)
  • Allelic: Kuru, susceptibility to (PRNP)
  • Allelic: Leukodystrophy, hypomyelinating, 6 (TUBB4A)
  • Allelic: Migraine, familial hemiplegic, 1 (CACNA1A)
  • Allelic: Migraine, familial hemiplegic, 1, with progressive cerebellar ataxia (CACNA1A)
  • Allelic: Mitochondrial AR ataxia syndrome [includes SANDO + SCAE] (POLG)
  • Allelic: Mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome 14 [encephalocardiomyopathic type] (OPA1)
  • Allelic: Monosomy 7 myelodysplasia + leukemia syndrome 1 (SAMD9L)
  • Allelic: Myoclonus, familial, 2 (SCN1A)
  • Allelic: Neuropathy, hereditary sensory, type IE (DNMT1)
  • Allelic: Optic atrophy 1 (OPA1)
  • Allelic: Optic atrophy 12 (AFG3L2)
  • Allelic: Parkinson disease, susceptibility to (ATXN8OS)
  • Allelic: Parkinson disease, susceptibility to (TBP_CAG)
  • Allelic: Prion disease with protracted course (PRNP)
  • Allelic: Progressive external ophthalmoplegia with mtDNA deletions, AD 3 (TWNK)
  • Allelic: Progressive external ophthalmoplegia, AD 1/AR 1 (POLG)
  • Allelic: Seizures, benign familial infantile, 2 (PRRT2)
  • Allelic: Seizures, benign familial infantile, 5 (SCN1A)
  • Allelic: Seizures, benign neonatal, 1 (KCNQ2)
  • Allelic: Sensory ataxic neuropathy, dysarthria + ophthalmoparesis [SANDO] (POLG)
  • Allelic: Spinocerebellar ataxia 29, congenital nonprogressive (ITPR1)
  • Allelic: Spinocerebellar ataxia 42, early-onset, severe, with neurodevelopmental deficits (CACNA1G)
  • Allelic: Spinocerebellar ataxia with epilepsy [SCAE] (POLG)
  • Allelic: Spinocerebellar ataxia, AR 13 (GRM1)
  • Allelic: Spinocerebellar ataxia, AR 14 (SPTBN2)
  • Allelic: Spinocerebellar ataxia, AR 16 (STUB1)
  • Allelic: Stargardt disease 3 (ELOVL4)
  • Allelic: Thyroid cancer, nonmedullary, 1 (NKX2-1)
  • Alexander disease (GFAP)
  • Ataxia, sensory, 1, AD (RNF170)
  • Ataxia-pancytopenia syndrome (SAMD9L)
  • Behr syndrome [early-onset optic atrophy, neurologic features, including ataxia] (OPA1)
  • CAPOS [Cereb. ataxia, Areflexia, Pes cavus, Optic atrophy, Sensorin. hearing loss] syndrome (ATP1A3)
  • Cerebellar ataxia, deafness + narcolepsy, AD (DNMT1)
  • Cerebellar ataxia, nonprogressive, with mental retardation (CAMTA1)
  • Cerebral amyloid angiopathy, PRNP-related (PRNP)
  • Ceroid lipofuscinosis, neuronal, 4, Parry type (DNAJC5)
  • Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, axonal, type 2A2A + 2A2B (MFN2)
  • Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, axonal, type 2T (MME)
  • Chorea, hereditary benign (NKX2-1)
  • Choreoathetosis, hypothyroidism + neonatal respiratory distress (NKX2-1)
  • Cognitive impairment with/-out cerebellar ataxia (SCN1A)
  • Cortical dysplasia, complex, with other brain malformations 1 (TUBB3)
  • Cortical dysplasia, complex, with other brain malformations 7 (TUBB2B)
  • Dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy (ATN1_CAG)
  • Developmental + epileptic encephalopathy 66 (PACS2)
  • Dyskinesia, familial, with facial myokymia (ADCY5)
  • Dystonia 4, torsion, AD (TUBB4A)
  • Dystonia 9 (SLC2A1)
  • Dystonia, dopa-responsive, due to sepiapterin reductase deficiency (SPR)
  • Dystonia-12 (ATP1A3)
  • Epilepsy, generalized, with febrile seizures plus, type 2 (SCN1A)
  • Epilepsy, idiopathic generalized, susceptibility to, 11 (CLCN2)
  • Episodic ataxia, type 2 (CACNA1A)
  • Episodic ataxia, type 6 (SLC1A3)
  • Episodic ataxia/myokymia syndrome (KCNA1)
  • Episodic kinesigenic dyskinesia 1 (PRRT2)
  • Gillespie syndrome [aniridia, cerebellar ataxia + mental retardation] (ITPR1)
  • Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy VIA (MFN2)
  • Huntington disease-like 1 (PRNP)
  • Hyperekplexia 1 (GLRA1)
  • Hypotonia, ataxia + delayed development syndrome (EBF3)
  • Intellectual developmental disorder with/-out epilepsy or cerebellar ataxia (RORA)
  • Leukodystrophy, hypomyelinating, 16 (TMEM106B)
  • Leukoencephalopathy with ataxia (CLCN2)
  • Lissencephaly 3 (TUBA1A)
  • Mental retardation, AD 5 (SYNGAP1)
  • Migraine, familial basilar (ATP1A2)
  • Migraine, familial hemiplegic, 2 (ATP1A2)
  • Migraine, familial hemiplegic, 3 (SCN1A)
  • Mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome 7, hepatocerebral type (TWNK)
  • Myokymia (KCNQ2)
  • Myopathy, mitochondrial + ataxia (MSTO1)
  • Neurodevelopmental disorder with regression, abnormal movements, loss of speech, seizures (IRF2BPL)
  • Neurodevelopmental disorder with/-out variable brain abnormalities (MAPK8IP3)
  • Optic atrophy plus syndrome (OPA1)
  • Paroxysmal nonkinesigenic dyskinesia 1 (PNKD)
  • Perrault syndrome 5 (TWNK)
  • Spastic ataxia 5, AR (AFG3L2)
  • Spinocerebellar ataxia 1 (ATXN1_CAG)
  • Spinocerebellar ataxia 10 (ATXN10_ATTCT)
  • Spinocerebellar ataxia 11 (TTBK2)
  • Spinocerebellar ataxia 12 (PPP2R2B_CAG)
  • Spinocerebellar ataxia 14 (PRKCG)
  • Spinocerebellar ataxia 15 (ITPR1)
  • Spinocerebellar ataxia 17 (TBP_CAG)
  • Spinocerebellar ataxia 19 (KCND3)
  • Spinocerebellar ataxia 21 (TMEM240)
  • Spinocerebellar ataxia 23 (PDYN)
  • Spinocerebellar ataxia 25 (PNPT1)
  • Spinocerebellar ataxia 26 (EEF2)
  • Spinocerebellar ataxia 27 (FGF14)
  • Spinocerebellar ataxia 28 (AFG3L2)
  • Spinocerebellar ataxia 34 (ELOVL4)
  • Spinocerebellar ataxia 36 (NOP56_GGCCTG)
  • Spinocerebellar ataxia 37 (DAB1)
  • Spinocerebellar ataxia 41 (TRPC3)
  • Spinocerebellar ataxia 42 (CACNA1G)
  • Spinocerebellar ataxia 43 (MME)
  • Spinocerebellar ataxia 44 (GRM1)
  • Spinocerebellar ataxia 46 (PLD3)
  • Spinocerebellar ataxia 47 (PUM1)
  • Spinocerebellar ataxia 48 (STUB1)
  • Spinocerebellar ataxia 5 (SPTBN2)
  • Spinocerebellar ataxia 6 (CACNA1A + CACNA1A-CAG)
  • Spinocerebellar ataxia 8 (ATXN8)
  • Spinocerebellar ataxia 8 (ATXN8OS)
  • Spinocerebellar ataxia, AR 20 [both, AD + AR; biallelic more severe disease; panelapp] 20 (SNX14)
  • Stomatin-deficient cryohydrocytosis with neurologic defects (SLC2A1)
Heredity, heredity patterns etc.
  • AD
  • AR
OMIM-Ps
  • Multiple OMIM-Ps
ICD10 Code

Bioinformatics and clinical interpretation

No text defined