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Interdisciplinary CompetenceMolecular Diagnostics
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IllnessHypophosphatasia, adult, infantile, perinatal lethal; differential diagnosis

Summary

Short information

Curated single gene sequence analysis according to the clinical suspicion Hypophosphatasia (adult, infantile, perinatally lethal)

ID
HP8274
Number of genes
12 Accredited laboratory test
Examined sequence length
1,6 kb (Core-/Core-canditate-Genes)
26,7 kb (Extended panel: incl. additional genes)
Analysis Duration
on request
Material
  • EDTA-anticoagulated blood (3-5 ml)
Diagnostic indications

NGS +

Sanger

 

Gene panel

Selected genes

NameExon Length (bp)OMIM-GHeredity
ALPL1575AD, AR
C1R1884AD
COL1A24101AD
COL3A14401AD, AR
CTSC426AR
ELANE804AD
FGFR32421AD
LIFR3294AR
P4HB1540AD
RUNX21566AD
SEC24D3099AD
SOX91530AD

Informations about the disease

Clinical Comment

Hypophosphatasia (HPP) manifests itself in six different clinical forms of varying degrees of severity. Perinatal lethal HPP is associated with significant hypomineralisation, leading to hypercalcemia and respiratory failure. Prenatal benign HPP is associated with fetal skeletal manifestations. Fetal HPP is characterised by rickets and bone fragility. In adults, HPP is associated with early loss of adult dentition and stress fractures of the lower limbs in middle age. In its mildest form, only non-specific signs such as muscular and skeletal pain or osteoporosis can occur in adults. Finally, OdontoHPP includes premature exfoliation of the milk teeth and/or severe dental caries. The perinatal form is almost always fatal within days or weeks. Respiratory complications lead to high mortality rates in the infantile form. It is not assumed that life expectancy is affected in the infantile and adult form or in OdontoHPP. HPP is caused by mutations in the ALPL gene coding for alkaline phosphatase. Perinatal and severe infantile HPP are typically inherited as autosomal recessive traits. Prenatal benign, moderate infantile, infantile HPP, adult HPP and odontoHPP can be inherited autosomal recessively or autosomal dominantly. The less severe the disease is, the more likely it is to be inherited as dominant. The range of inheritance patterns partly explains the clinical heterogeneity.

Reference: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1150/

 

Synonyms
  • Alias: Phosphoethanolaminuria
  • Alias: Rathbun disease
  • Acampomelic campomelic dysplasia (SOX9)
  • Bone mineral density variation QTL, osteoporosis (COL1A1)
  • Caffey disease (COL1A1)
  • Campomelic dysplasia (SOX9)
  • Campomelic dysplasia with autosomal sex reversal (SOX9))
  • Cleidocranial dysplasia (RUNX)
  • Cleidocranial dysplasia, forme fruste, dental anomalies only (RUNX)
  • Cleidocranial dysplasia, forme fruste, with brachydactyly (RUNX)
  • Cole-Carpenter syndrome 1 (P4HB)
  • Cole-Carpenter syndrome 2 (SEC24D)
  • Combined osteogenesis imperfecta + Ehlers-Danlos syndrome 1 (COL1A1)
  • Combined osteogenesis imperfecta and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome 2 (COL1A2)
  • Deafness, AD 39, with dentinogenesis (DSPP)
  • Dentinogenesis imperfecta, Shields type II, III (DSPP)
  • Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, arthrochalasia type, 1 (COL1A1)
  • Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, arthrochalasia type, 2 (COL1A2)
  • Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, periodontal type, 1 (C1R)
  • Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, vascular type (COL3A1)
  • Haim-Munk syndrome (CTSC)
  • Hajdu-Cheney syndrome (NOTCH2)
  • Hypophosphatasia, adult, childhood, infantile (ALPL)
  • Neutropenia, severe congenital 1, AD [ELANE-related] (ELANE)
  • Odontohypophosphatasia (ALPL)
  • Osteogenesis imperfecta, type I, II, III, IV (COL1A1)
  • Osteogenesis imperfecta, type II, III, IV (COL1A2)
  • Papillon-Lefevre syndrome (CTSC)
  • Stuve-Wiedemann syndrome/Schwartz-Jampel type 2 syndrome (LIFR)
  • Thanatophoric dysplasia, type I, II (FGFR3)
Heredity, heredity patterns etc.
  • AD
  • AR
OMIM-Ps
  • Multiple OMIM-Ps
ICD10 Code
E83.3-

Bioinformatics and clinical interpretation

No text defined